IC - Inbreeding occurs when two related animals are bred. In other words, if the father and the mother are related, then the offspring is cultivated. Mammals and birds have two DNA strands, so a gene comes from each pair. Human DNA consists of about 40,000 gene pairs. For each gene pair, one gene comes from the father and the other from the mother. The inbreeding coefficient is the probability that both parents will pass exactly the same gene to their offspring. For example, the inbreeding coefficient of inbreeding dogs therefore calculates the probability that a dog will actually receive two genes that are exactly the same from both parents.
What does inbred mean? 0 = no inbreeding. 0.25 = for example, a full-brother and sister have been bred. 1 = complete inbreed: each pair of genes is equal.
ALC - What is “ancestor loss coefficient”? The purpose is to measure how many ancestors occur multiple times in a family tree of five generations. If every ancestor is unique, the ALC is 100%. But if there has been line breeding in the past, then the value is lower. When all five generations are complete, there are 62 animals in the pedigree. Suppose that two animals occur twice in the pedigree, then 62 – 2 = 60 unique animals remain. The calculation is 60 divided by 62, multiplied by 100. So, in this example, the ALC is 96.77%.